果翅对霸王种子田间萌发的影响

Effects of Winged Perianth of Zygophyllum xanthoxylum on Seeds Germination in the Field

于2007年10月将具有果翅(具翅)和剥去果翅(去翅)的霸王种子埋于阿拉善左旗不同深度(0 cm2、cm、5cm)土壤中,1年内每2月取样1次,调查其萌发情况。结果表明:置于地表具翅种子田间无萌发,而去翅种子在次年6月开始萌发;2 cm埋深具翅种子在次年6月开始萌发,而去翅种子次年2月即能萌发,且其萌发均显著高于同期具翅种子(除10月外);与2 cm埋深相比,5 cm埋深种子萌发较早,其他则表现相似。随埋深的增加和埋藏时间延长,去翅种子田间萌发呈增长趋势,室内萌发率则逐渐减小,而具翅种子除6~10月外田间和室内萌发均逐渐增加。埋藏1年后,去翅种子死亡率显著高于具翅种子,去翅种子为23.0%,而具翅种子为10.0%。可见,果翅可显著抑制霸王种子在田间萌发,有利于种子的田间保存,从而避开不利环境在适宜条件下萌发以获得最佳建植率。

Seeds with the winged perianth intact and without the winged perianth were buried in different soil depth （0 cm,2 cm, 5 cm）in Alashan on October, 2007 and sampled once every 2 months. The results showed that seed germination and mortality of Zygophyllurn xanthoxylurn were significantly affected by winged perianth,and varied with the burial depth and duration. Seeds with the winged perianth intact buried on 0 cm did not germinate, but the seeds without the winged perianth germinated partly after June 2008;seeds with the winged perianth intact buried in 2 cm started germination since June 2008. However, the seeds without the winged perianth could germinate from Feb. 2008,and the germination percentage was significantly higher than that of the seeds with the winged perianth except that in the Oct. In comparision 2 cm seeds, 5 cm buried seeds germinatied earlier and showed a similar trend in the other germination characteristics. As the burial depth and time increasing, seeds without the winged perianth germination increased in the field but decreased under controlled conditons^however,seeds with the winged perianth germination increased both in the field and under controlled conditions. The mortality rate of seeds without the winged perianth were significantly higher than that of the seeds with the winged perianth during burial,For example,the mortality rate of the seeds without the winged perianth was 23.0% after 1 year burial, but the seeds with the winged perianth was only 10.0% lure in favor of seeds preserved in the field and and establishing under suitable conditions. ,which indicated that the winged perianth of Z. xanthoxycould make the seeds avoid the unsuitable environmental