PICC在乳腺癌患者化疗中的应用及护理

Application and nursing of PICC in the breast cancer patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy

目的探讨乳腺癌术后化疗患者行经外周插管的中心静脉导管(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)置管后并发症的发生情况,并总结并发症的预防和护理措施。方法采用方便取样法,选择2004年12月～2007年12月乳腺癌术后经PICC置管进行化学治疗的218例患者,置管后给予及时有效的护理。结果218例患者一次穿刺成功率贵要静脉组最高,为97.5%,而正中静脉组和头静脉组分别为89.3%和72.7%。置管后总并发症发生率为25.7%,其中一般并发症20.6%,较重并发症5.1%,无严重并发症发生,化疗过程均顺利。结论乳腺癌术后对需化疗的患者行PICC置管,可以更好地保护血管以及周围组织,减少静脉炎及避免化疗药物渗漏引起的严重并发症,而正确有效的护理是PICC留置成功的关键。

Objective To investigate the application and nursing care of peripherally inserted central catheter （PICC） in the breast cancer patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy and summnrize the key nursing points of preventing complications. Method 218 breast cancer patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy during December 2004 to December 2007 were nursed after intubation with PICC. Results The one-time success rate of puneturation for PICC intubation was 97.5% at the basilic vein group, 89.3% at the intermedial cubital vein group and 72.2% for the cephalic vein group. After intubation, the total rate of complication was 25.7%, among which the common complication took up 20.6%, rather severe complications 5.1% and severe ones nil. The chemotherapy was successfully completed all through the course. Conclusions PICC through chemotherapy can protect the vessels and decrease the incidence of phlebitis and the severe complications caused by leakage of chemotherapeutic agent. The correct and effective nursing care is key to successful indwelling of PICC.