生物分子开关研究进展

Research on Molecular Switches

分子开关是建立在分子水平上的一个可逆过程,外界条件的改变能使分子的结构或构型会有一些改变,从而表现出一些特殊的性质。其在生物体内的信号传导和信息调控等方面发挥着重要作用,成为近年来国内外的一大研究热点。本文介绍了胚胎干细胞分化的重要分子开关:Oct-3/4、神经突起相关分子开关Rho族GTP酶、控制肌卫星细胞激活的分子开关转录因子RBP-J、慢性疼痛的分子开关蛋白激酶G(PKG)、脂肪控制分子开关Wnt蛋白、调节核糖体翻译功能的分子开关L11蛋白、控制饥饿的分子开关巨噬细胞因子MIC-1、调节人体生理节奏的分子开关BMAL1基因、癌症相关的分子开关Wnt蛋白家族以及糖尿病相关的活性开关蛋白TORC2等生物学领域调控功能分子开关的作用机理以及相关研究进展情况。

The molecular switch was a reversible process built on the molecular level. Changes in external conditions could change the structure of the molecule and some configuration, resulting some of the special nature. It had important effect in signal conduction, information experiencing and controlling, thus become one of the hot spots both at home and abroad in recent years. This paper mainly introduced the molecular switch of embryo stem cells, such as the nerve protuberance relevant molecule switch Rho race GTP enzyme, the switch controlling the active muscle artificial satellite cell molecule transcribe factor RBP-J, chronic-pain molecule switch protein kinase G （PKG）, fat-controlling molecule switch Wnt protein, the molecule switch adjusting translating function of ribosome L11 protein, macrophage cell factor MIC-1 controlling starvation, the molecule switch BMAL1 adjusting biorhythms, cancer-related Wnt protein family and glycuresis-related activitive switch TORC2 protein. It also reviewed the control and regulation function mechanism of molecule switch and their relevant progress.