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范畴三段论推理中信念偏差效应的发展性研究 被引量：2

A Developmental Study on the Belief Bias Effect in Reasoning of the Syllogisms
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摘要 该研究从儿童范畴三段论推理特征的探讨出发,分析了信念偏差效应在儿童推理中的作用机制,结果表明:(1)小学三、五年级与初一年级儿童关于范畴三段论的推理均未达到推理能力的成熟水平。(2)信念偏差效应并未因年龄的增长而显著变化,总体呈现出两个特征:其一,逻辑状态与信念状态相一致时,信念促进逻辑反应,不一致时妨碍逻辑反应;其二,信念偏差分别以不同的作用方式相互独立地作用于前提编码与结论判断两个信息加工阶段。 Beginning with the exploration of features of syllogistic reasoning in children, the present study analyzes the mechanism of the belief bias in children＇s syllogistic reasoning. The results of this study indicate that： （1） All subjects have no mature ability of syllogistic reasoning in this study. （2） Belief bias effects do not change sharply with age, and generally show the two features of effect. When beliefs and logical state are consistent, the belief bias promotes the correct rate of logical response, whereas, it impedes the correct rate of logical response when logical state and beliefs are inconsistent. Belief bias has independent and respective effect on the different information - processing stages of encoding of premise information and judging of conclusion information.
作者 李晶 游旭群 王沛
机构地区 陕西师范大学心理系 天水师范学院教育学院 上海师范大学教育学院
出处 《中国特殊教育》 CSSCI 北大核心 2009年第4期82-87,共6页 Chinese Journal of Special Education
基金 全国教育科学“十一五”规划国家一般课题,项目批准号:BBA070016
关键词 范畴三段论 推理 信念偏差效应 发展性研究 the syllogisms reasoning the belief bias effect the developmental study
分类号 B844.1 [哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]
  • 相关文献

参考文献8

  • 1Oakhill J, Garnham A. On theories of belief bias in syllogistic reasoning. Cognition, 1993, 46(1):87- 92.
  • 2王沛,李晶.范畴三段论推理中信念偏差效应的实验研究[J].心理科学,2003,26(6):1020-1024. 被引量：6
  • 3Klauer K C, Musch J, Naumer B. On belief bias in syllogistic reasoning. Psychological Review, 2000, 107(4) : 852 - 884.
  • 4Newstead S E, Pollard P, Evans J S, et al. The source of belief bias effects in syllogistic reasoning. Cognition, 1992, 45(3) : 257 - 284.
  • 5Ball L J, Phillips P, Wade C N. Effects of belief and logic on syllogistic reasoning: eye - movement evidence for selective processing models. Experimental Psychology, 2006, 53 (1) : 77 - 86.
  • 6姚志强.三段论推理中信念偏差效应的研究[J].心理科学,2008,31(2):389-391. 被引量：5
  • 7丁月华,李红.三种处理下条件三段论推理加工过程的发展研究[J].心理科学,2003,26(5):947-950. 被引量：5
  • 8Torrens T, Thompson V A, Cramen K M. Individual differences and the belief bias effect: metal modeis, logical necessity, and abstract reasoning. Thinking and Reasoning, 1999, 5(1) : 1 - 28.

二级参考文献20

  • 1Wilkins M C. The effect of changed material on the ability to do formal syllogistic reasoning. Archives of Psychology,1928,102: 1 - 83.
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  • 9Klauer K C, Musch J, Naumer B. On belief bias in syllogistic reasoning. Psychological Review. 2000,107 (4):852 - 884.
  • 10Evans J St B T. ,Handley S J ,Harper C N J. ,JohnsonLarid P N. Reasoning about necessity and possibility:A test of the mental model theory of deduction. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 1999,25:1495 - 1513.

共引文献12

同被引文献13

  • 1Evans,J.St.B.T.Bias in human reasoning:Causes and consequences[M].Hove,UK:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Ltd,1989.
  • 2Evans,J.St.B.T.,Newstead,S.E.,Byrne,R.M.J.Human reasoning:The psychology of deduction[M].Hove:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Ltd.,1993.
  • 3Evans,J.St.B.T.,Barston,J.L.,Pollard,P.On the conflict between logic and belief in syllogistic reasoning[J].Memory and Cognition,1983,(11).
  • 4Ball,L.J.,Phillips,P.,Wade.,C.N.,Quayle,J.D.Effect of belief and logic on syllogistic reasoning:EyeMovement Evidence for Selective Processing Models[J].Experimental Psychology,2006,(1).
  • 5Klauer,K.C.,Musch,J.,Naumer,B.On belief bias in syllogistic reasoning[J].Psychological Review,2000,(107).
  • 6Evans,J.St.B.T.,Handley,S.L.,Harper,C.NJ.Necessity,possibility and belief:A study of syllogistic reasoning[J].Experimental Psychology,2001,(54).
  • 7Markovits,H.,Vachon,R.Reasoning with contrary-to-fact propositions[J].Experimental Child Psychology,1989,(47).
  • 8Thompson,V.A.Reasoning from false premises:The role of soundness in making logical deductions[J].Experimental Psychology,1996,(50).
  • 9Lambell,N.J.,Evans,J.St.B.T.,Handley,S.J.Belief bias and figural bias in syllogistic reasoning[J].Experimental Psychology,2004,(4).
  • 10Oakhill,J.,Johnson-Laird,P.N.,Garnham,A.Believability and syllogistic reasoning[J].Cognition,1989,(31).

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中国特殊教育
2009年 第4期

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