关于建国后十七年教条主义文学批评的思考

Considerations on the Dogmatist Literary Criticism in the Seventeen Years since 1949

建国后十七年文学批评中存在的教条主义之风,既与时代政治的控制制导有直接的关系,同时也体现出传统积淀的思想意识和思维判断特征,可谓是外在的政治权威意识与内在的政治依附性心态相互作用的结果。这种批评思维模式首先从对电影《武训传》的批判中显示出来。随着政治上左倾思潮的发展,文学批评的教条主义操作愈加武断化、简单化,发展到极端便使文学批评完全失去了批评主体的主观能动性,由教条主义文学批评走向政治性的、不讲道理的批判,从而离文学批评的本质越来越远。

Dogmatism in the literary criticism of 17 years since 1949 was both directly related to the then political dominance and characteristic of the ideology and mental judgment handed down from tradition- the result of the interplay between the political authority will outside and the dependent mental state in politics inside. Making its initial appearance in the critique of the film The Story of Wu Xun, dogmatism in literary criticism had become increasingly dogmatic and simplistic with the development of the Left ideological trend in politics even to the extreme of depriving critics of their subjective initiative in literary criticism, thus having turned dogmatist literary criticism into politicized and irrational criticism and having become increasingly farther from the essence of literature.