语言、意象与结构——论新诗批评的三项基本法则

A Talk on the Three Basic Principles in New Verse Criticism—Language,Images and Structure

关于新诗的批评法则或是标准,其实难以设定,尤其是各个批评者的美学观念与新诗形式的认定有其概念的差异,所以无论哪个学者设定了多少分辨新诗优劣的检验方式,在另一些相异美学思维的学者看来,或许只是一种不值一哂或是完全谬误的批评标准。然而,难道没有可以较为标准规范化的批评准则吗?难道就因为诗评家与诗人各自美学观之差异,就无法分辨诗歌创作的优劣吗?文章认为依旧可以提炼出三个方向来建构新诗批评的基本理论,并奠定新诗批评的基本方向:语言、意象与结构。

It is far from easy to substantiate regulations or criteria of criticism for new verse considering in particular the differences among various critics in terms of their respective aesthetic notions and their cognizance of new verse patterns. As such, the methods for judging and determining the quality of new verse proposed by one certain critic may be viewed as worthless or erroneous in the eyes of some scholars with diverse aesthetic notions. Nevertheless, aren＇ t there any relatively fair and standardized regulations of criticism？ Is it unlikely to discriminate between good poems and poor ones just because of differences between critics and poets in their respective aesthetic concepts？ In the opinion of the author of this paper, it is likely to extract three elements for constituting the basic theory of new verse as well as for establishing the fundamental orientation of its criticism-language, images and structure.