脉冲电流经皮刺激肝区对运动疲劳大鼠肝组织病理学变化的影响

Influence of the percutaneous impulsive current stimulation of hepatic region on the hepatic tissue of exercise-induced fatigue rats

目的探讨脉冲电流经皮刺激运动疲劳大鼠肝区对其肝组织内抗氧化指标、肝糖原含量及光镜下病理改变的影响。方法72只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为安静对照组、运动训练组和训练刺激组,每组24只。运动训练组和训练刺激组进行游泳训练,建立运动疲劳模型,训练刺激组训练后给予脉冲电流刺激,于第1、3、5周末禁食水24h后分批处死动物(每组8只),测定各组肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)及糖原含量,并对肝组织行常规病理组织学观察。结果除第1周末训练刺激组各项指标与安静对照组比较无显著差别外,1、3、5周末各组各指标比较均为肝糖原含量和肝脏组织SOD活性安静对照组>训练刺激组>运动训练组(P<0.05),MDA含量安静对照组<训练刺激组<运动训练组(P<0.05)。光镜观察显示,随着运动疲劳程度的加深,肝组织病变有逐渐加重的趋势,第5周时运动训练组肝组织肿胀,肝窦变窄甚至消失,训练刺激组肝细胞虽有损伤但明显轻于运动训练组。结论脉冲电流经皮刺激运动疲劳大鼠肝区可提高肝脏抗氧化酶的活性,促进机体自由基的消除及肝糖原的合成,具有延缓运动疲劳发生、促进运动疲劳恢复的作用。

Objective To investigate the effects of percutaneous impulsive current stimulation of hepatic region on the antioxidant indexes, glycogen contents and pathological changes of liver in exercise-induced fatigue rats. Methods Seventy-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, exercise group and stimulating group （24 each）. The rats in both exercise and stimulating groups underwent a forced swimming training to establish the exercise-induced fatigue model, and then the rats in stimulating group were treated with percutaneous impulsive current stimulation. At the end of 1st, 3rd and 5th week after modeling, 8 rats were randomly chosen from each group and sacrificed after 24 hours food and water depriving, the hepatic superoxicle dismutase （SOD）, malondialdehyde （MDA） and glycogen contents were determined, and the histopathologicaI changes of liver tissues were observed. Results At the end of 1st, 3rd and 5th week after modeling, the hepatic glycogen content and SOD activity showed the following order： control group 〉 exercise group stimulating group （P〈0. 05）, and the MDA content was as： control group 〈 exercise group 〈 stimulating group （P〈0. 05）, except that no significant difference existed between control group and exercise group on all the three indexes at the end of 1st week. It was observed by microscopy that the pathological changes aggravated gradually with the fatigue aggravating. At the end of 5th week after modeling, the liver tissue swelling, hepatic sinus narrowed and even vanished in exercise group, and the changes were obviously milder in stimulating group. Conclusion The percutaneous pulsive current stimulation of hepatic region in exercise-induced fatigue rats may improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes in liver, promote free radical-scavenging and hepatic glycogen synthesis, delay the occurrence of exercise-induced fatigue, and promote the recovery from exercise-induced fatigue.