“～たがる”句式的失礼阴影——从中国日语学习者的使用偏误说起

The Shadow of Impoliteness Casted by the Using of "～TAGARU"——A Study of the Deviations and Mistakes Made by Chinese Learners

通过对日语母语话者、中国日语学习者关于愿望表达"～たがる"的使用情况和使用意识的调查,发现母语话者与学习者之间有明显的差异。这些差异即偏误的背后存在着该表达的"失礼阴影"及其在教学上重视不足的问题。然后通过语料库对实际正用例进行考察,找出该表达的语用学特征,进而总结完善该表达的使用定义,并对其周边如其他"～がる"等问题进行了探讨。

Through a survey on the using and the awareness of the using of ＂ へTAGARU＂, an expression of hope in Japanese, of both native speakers and Chinese Japanese learners, the author finds that there are distinctive differences between these two groups of speakers in those two aspects. And behind all these differences are the ＂ shadow of impoliteness＂ casted by ＂ へ TAGARU＂ and the lack of attention paid to this problem by both Japanese teachers and learners in China. By studying the examples taken from Japanese corpora, the author finds out the pragmatic features of the expression ＂ へ TAGARU＂ and manages to make a conclusion of its usage. What＇s more, the author also inquires into some expressions related to it, such as ＂ -GA- RU＂.