不同氮肥运筹对弱筋小麦产量与品质的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen Management on Grain Yield and Quality of Weak-Gluten Wheat

江淮下游的沿江高沙土地区是江苏省乃至全国的主要弱筋小麦产区。弱筋小麦宁麦13和宁麦9号在该地区不同土壤肥力和不同施肥水平条件下种植,其产量和穗、粒、重三要素表现各不同;两品种间对不同施肥量的反应也有明显差异。在施纯氮16kg/667m2的中高肥处理中,宁麦13明显比宁麦9号增产;而在施纯氮8kg/667m2的低肥和不施肥的空白处理,宁麦9号表现出显著的增产效果;在施纯氮20kg/667m2和12kg/667m2的高肥区和中低肥区,两品种无显著差异。两品种的籽粒蛋白质、湿面筋含量和面团稳定时间虽总体均与施氮量相关程度较高,但两品种间存在较大差异。宁麦9号的籽粒蛋白质含量与施氮量呈极显著相关,而湿面筋含量与施氮量相关不显著,稳定时间与施氮量为显著相关;宁麦13的三指标均与施氮量呈极显著相关。表明宁麦9号的弱筋品质似较宁麦13稳定,尤其湿面筋含量和面团稳定时间较不易受环境条件所左右。

The regions of high sand soil along the Yangtze River is main productive area for weak-gluten wheat in Jiangsu province and in china. Ningmai 9 and Ningmai 13 were weak-gluten wheat varieties, which exhibited difference in grain yield, panicles, filled grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight under different fertility levers, and also difference in those characters on Ningmai 9 and Ningmai 13 under different fertility levers. The grain yield of Ningmai 13 was significantly higher than that of Ningmai 9 under 16 kg pure N per 667m2, and it＇ s significantly less under 8 kg pure N per 667m~ and no nitrogen Management. There was no significantly difference of grain yield between Ningmai 9 and Ningmai 13 under 20 kg pure N and 12 kg pure N per 667m2. Correlation analysis showed that there was significantly difference between grain protein content, dough stability time and nitrogen fertilizer rate on Ningmai 9, and no significantly difference between wet gluten content and nitrogen fertilizer rate. There was significantly correlation between grain protein content, wet gluten content, dough stability time and nitrogen fertilizer rate on Ningmai 13. The results revealed the quality of wet gluten to Ningmai 9 was more stability than that of Ningmai 13.