低纬高原湖泊农业面源污染防治研究进展

A Review on the Agriculture Non-point Source Pollution and Control Research of the Plateau Watershed in Low Latitude

农业面源污染是各种导致水体污染的最主要的因素之一,在总体水污染中所占的比例不断增加,农业也逐渐成为水体富营养化最主要的污染源,其主要的污染物质是氮、磷营养元素,由于其具有随机性、污染物排放及污染途径的不确定性、污染负荷的时空差异性大等特征,长期以来控制农业面源污染成为水体污染防治的重点和难点。作者从氮、磷的流失方式、途径、形态和流失特征,影响氮、磷流失的主要因素及农业面源污染控制等三个方面,重点综述了低纬高原湖泊流域的农业面源污染及其防治的研究进展,具有重要的科研指导意义。

Agriculture Non-point Source Pollution have become the main factors to pollute water, and the proportion in all of the water pollution also increased gradually. Farming has also turn into the main pollution source, and its main pollutants are nitrogen and phosphor. The most important and difficult problem to prevent and cure water pollution is to control Agriculture Non-point Source Pollution, because of its randomieity, uncertainty of pollutants releasing and approach and space-time difference of pollution charge. Therefore, it was necessary and important to review the Agriculture Non-point Source Pollution and its control to the Watershed Plateau in low latitude emphatically, including the loss pathways of N and P, their forms in loss process, characteristics and influencing factors.