铝盐对鸡粪中氨气释放的影响及其机理研究

Effect of Aluminum Salt on Ammonia Release from Poultry Litter

通过在鸡粪中添加明矾研究铝盐对鸡粪中氨气产生和释放的影响。试验设0、2%和4%3个铝盐添加水平,测定了不同时间鸡粪中氨气释放量及pH、脲酶活性、氨氮和氮含量。结果:(1)鸡粪中氨的释放随时间的延长逐渐减少(P<0.000 1),添加铝盐处理能降低其氨气的释放(P<0.000 1),尤其是4%铝盐处理组在试验的前5 d显著低于对照组(P<0.05);(2)铝盐处理极显著降低鸡粪的pH值(P<0.000 1),而且时间效应对其的影响也极显著(P<0.000 1),4%铝盐处理组pH在3、7 d时显著低于对照组(P<0.05);(3)铝盐处理显著抑制鸡粪的脲酶活性(P=0.023 1),时间效应对其有极显著的影响(P<0.000 1);(4)铝盐处理对于鸡粪中的总氮含量有极显著的影响(P<0.01),但对于氨氮的影响不显著(P>0.05),而时间效应对二者的影响均极显著(P<0.01)。研究表明,铝盐引起鸡粪中pH的下降和脲酶活性、氮损失的改变,从而控制鸡粪中氨的释放,一定程度上减轻氨对养殖生产及环境的影响。

To investigate the effect of aluminum salt on ammonia production from poultry litter in commercial broiler houses,aluminum was added into hen dung at three different levels： 0,2% and 4%（aluminum（g）/dung（g））.After aluminum salt treatment,the pH value,ammonia production,urease activity of treated dung and the content of ammonia nitrogen or total nitrogen in treated dung were measured respectively at indicated days.We found that ammonia released from dung and the pH value of dung decreased significantly after treatment compared with that of control dung.Furthermore,the urease activity in dung was significantly inhibited with a time course dependent manner after aluminum salt treatment（at 7 and 14 d）.In addition,the total nitrogen content,but not ammonia nitrogen content in dung was significantly decreased（P〈0.05） after 3 days′ treatment,especially in high level（4%） treatment group.These results suggested that pH value reduction,urease activity suppression and total nitrogen consumption induced by aluminum addition contributed to the decrease of ammonia production from dung.Taken together,these data showed that aluminum salt addition in poultry litter was an effective method to reduce ammonia volatilization,which may benefit to the control of ammonia production and environmental condition in hen house.