45种植物提取物对仙客来灰霉病菌菌丝生长的影响

Effects of 45 Kinds of Plant Extracts on Mycelium Growth of Botrytis cinerea of Cyclamen persicum

[目的]为开发植物源杀菌剂提供理论依据。[方法]以丁香、细辛、藿香、苍耳等45种植物为材料,用80%无水乙醇提取其中的生物活性物质。以80%乙醇稀释100倍为空白对照,施佳乐稀释1 000倍为化学对照,研究不同植物提取物对仙客来灰霉病菌菌丝生长的抑制作用。[结果]18种植物提取物对仙客来灰霉病菌菌丝生长有抑制作用,9种植物提取物对菌丝生长有促进作用;1%细辛提取物对菌丝生长的抑制作用最强(抑制率94.05%),其次为丁香、藿香、藁本和苍耳;稀释200倍后,细辛提取物对菌丝生长的抑制率与化学对照无显著差异,而丁香、藿香、藁本和苍耳提取物对菌丝生长的抑制作用与空白对照相当(均为0)。[结论]细辛提取物对仙客来灰霉病菌的杀菌活性最强。

[Objective] The aim was to provide the theoretical basis for development of botanical fungicide.[Method] With 45 kinds of plant such as Syringa vulgaris,Asarum heterotropoides,Agastache rugosa,Xanthium sibiricum etc as the materials,bioactive substance was extracted from them with 80% athanol.With 80% athanol diluted 100 times as blank control and ＇Scarlar＇ diluted 1 000 times as chemical CK,the inhibition of different extracts on mycelium growth of B.cinerea of C.Persicum were investigated.[Result] The extracts from 18 kinds of plant had inhibition on mycelium growth of B.cinerea of C.Persicum,and extracts from 9 kinds of plant had promotion on mycelium growth.The inhibition of 1% A.heterotropoides extracts on mycelium growth was the strongest（the inhibition rate was 94.05%.）,the following were those of S.vulgari,A.rugosa,L.nematophyllum,X.strumarium.When the extracts was diluted 200 times,the inhibition of A.heterotropoides extracts on mycelium growth was insignificantly different with that of chemical CK and those of extracts of S.vulgari,A.rugosa,L.nematophyllum,X.strumarium were equal with that of blank CK（0）.[Conclusion] The fungicidal activity of A.heterotropoides extracts on B.cinerea of C.Persicum was the strongest.