农民科技采用行为的社会学分析

A Sociological Analysis of Peasant's Technological Adoptions in Agri-tech Extension

从社会学的微观和宏观视角分析了农业技术推广中农民科技采用行为的影响因素发现,地域文化背景影响是其主要原因,农业推广中要充分利用和维持农村初级社会群体,依靠乡村精英的带领或示范,引导农民采用农业科学技术;大众传播媒介作为新生力量,保障了农业技术信息传播渠道的高效畅通;农村基层组织和农业经济合作组织是增强农民技术采用行为的基本动力,农村各项制度体系是提升农民技术采用行为的重要机制。建议将农民看作技术的主导者,由农民自己来评判技术的可行性;整合信息传播渠道,提高农民的科技采用率;理顺农村组织的关系,打造农业技术推广平台,完善农村各项制度,创造农业技术推广的良好环境。

Influencial factors of peasant＇s technology-adopting behaviors in agri-tech extension are analyzed from both the microcosmic and macrocosmic angle of sociology. The results show that peasants＇ regional cultural background makes the basic reason for their techology-adoptiong behaviors; the rural primary social groups should be taken advantage of and maintained; the rural elite and capable people should be firmly depended upon to set an example in encouraging and guiding peasants to adopt agricultural technologies; the mass media be used as a newly-emerging force to make sure that the spreading channels of agri-tech information are efficient and unimpede;both grass-roots organizations and agricultural economic cooperative organizations in rural areas function as a basic force to promote peasants adopting advanced technologies; the systems and regulations practiced in the countryside cnstitute an important mechanism for promotion of peasants＇ adopting technologis. So it is suggested that peasants be viewed as technology-adopting leaders and judge technical feasibility by themselves; the information-spreading channels be conformed with each other in order to promote peasant＇s adoption of agricultural technologies; the relationships between rural orgnizations be straightened out; an agri-tech-extension platform be built; and each rural system be perfected, in order to create a good environment for the agri-tech extension.