从人和动物血浆及红细胞膜脂肪酸谱探讨脂质代谢实验模型动物选取

Selection of Proper Animal Models for Lipid Metabolism Studies in Comparing Fatty Acids Profile of Plasma and Erythrocyte Membrane between Healthy Adult Humans and Animals

目的比较大鼠、家兔和人血浆及红细胞膜脂肪酸谱的异同,为脂质代谢模型动物的选取提供可靠依据。方法采用氯仿-甲醇快速提取大鼠、家兔和人血浆及细胞膜中的脂肪,并用碱法甲基化,经薄层层析纯化的甲基酯用100 mm×0.25 mm气相色谱毛细管柱测定脂肪酸组成。结果血浆中总MUFA、9c18:1、9c12c18:2 n-6和α-18:3 n-3等脂肪酸含量较高;而红细胞膜中总PUFA、AA、22:4n-6、DPA和DHA等脂肪酸含量较高;人和大鼠16:0、18:0、18:1、α-18:3n-3、AA、EPA、DHA、MUFA、n-3PUFA和n-6/n-3值均较为接近,但和家兔存在显著差异。结论与家兔相比,大鼠和人血浆及红细胞膜脂肪酸谱较接近,因此,在选取脂质代谢实验动物时,应优先考虑大鼠为模型动物,以得到与人体实际更接近的结果。

Objective To compare the difference of fatty acids profile of plasma and erythrocyte membrane among rats,rabbits and healthy adult humans,so as to provide a reliable gist in selection of the proper animal models for lipid metabolism studies.Methods To extract lipids from plasma and erythrocyte membrane of rats,rabbits and healthy adult humans rapidly with methanol and chloroform,after methylation in alkaline process and purified by thin-layer chromatography.The fatty acid methylesters were analyzed by gas chromatography with the capillary of 100 mm×0.25 mm.Results MUFA,9c18：1,9c12c18：2 n-6 and α-18：3 n-3 are higher in plasma than in erythrocyte membrane;while PUFA,AA,22：4n-6,DPA and DHA are higher in erythrocyte membrane than in plasma.Rats and humans share the similar distribution of 16：0,18：0,18：1、α-18：3n-3,AA,EPA,DHA,MUFA and n-3PUFA,as well as n-6/n-3 ratio.However,there were significant differences in comparison with those in rabbits.Conclusions Compared with rabbits,the fatty acids profiles are more similar in rats and humans.As a result,in order to get more reliable results,rats should be given the prior consideration as a proper animal model in lipid metabolism studies.