朱耷与朱雀——浅谈八大山人的飞鸟图

Zhu Da and the Vermilion Bird-Badashanren Painting of Birds

本文从象征暗喻的角度分析了八大山人绘画中的飞禽形象。指出八大山人笔下的禽鸟形象暗含了对大明王朝的眷恋,展现了他内心与现实社会的斗争。其飞鸟形象非常可能是朱雀,这其中隐藏着他对世界的认识。本文提出六重证据,分别从绘画作品、地处位置(凤阳)、朱姓来源、起名依据、五行方位、神话传说这六个方面论证八大山人笔下的飞禽形象是火鸟——朱雀。

This article analyzes from the perspective of symbolism and metaphor the image of Badashanren painting of birds, pointing out that the birds image implies Badashanren reminiscence of the Great Ming Dynasty and his inner struggle with the real world. The birds may be the very image of a firebird, which concealed his knowledge of the world. The paper lists six evidences, and demonstrates the flying bird image by Badashanren is the vermilion bird from the six aspects of the painting, the position （Fengyang）, the sources of the surname of ＂Zhu＂, the basis for giving names, the five element positions, myths and legends.