《西游记》中“红孩儿”原型在元杂剧中的叙事线索

Narrative Clues of Hong-haier's Prototype in the Yuan Dynasty's Zaju

吴本《西游记》中"红孩儿"的形象有一个历史演变的过程。元代前红孩儿的形象是以鬼子母之子的角色附于佛经中"鬼子母"故事而流传的。元杂剧中其虽不是一个成熟的文学形象,但故事叙述的大致线索都已出现,杂剧《西游记》中的红孩儿虽然仍从属于鬼子母的故事,但其对取经故事所起作用已大大加强;同时,元杂剧中也出现了铁扇公主的形象,这为后来吴本《西游记》对红孩儿故事的整合提供了丰富的叙事元素。吴本《西游记》出于叙事结构调整的需要和对孙悟空正面形象塑造的要求,综合了元杂剧中的叙事元素,塑造了红孩儿这一生动的人物形象。

The image of hong-haier in Wu Cheng-en＇s Journey to the West experiences a historical evolution. Before the Yuan Dynasty, hong-haier was regarded to be the son of Hariti and his image has attached to the Hariti＇s story in the Buddhist scriptures. Although he is not a complete literary character, the clues of his story have been generally emerged in the Yuan Dynasty＇s zaju. His role has been greatly enhanced, at the same time, Princess Iron Fan has also been emerged in zaju of Journey to the West which provides rich narrative elements to Wu Cheng-en＇s Journey to the West. In order to make the story more exciting and create a positive image of Monkey King, Wu Cheng-en reshaped hong-haier＇s image in Journey to the West by consolidating hong-haier＇s image in the Yuan Dynasty＇s zaju.