储能薄膜电容器在电动汽车上的应用研究

Study on Energy Storage Film Capacitor Used in Electric Vehicle

针对目前电动汽车存在的初始成本高和一次充电的续驶里程短等问题,常采用电容器作为辅助能源来均衡负载并迅速吸收再生制动能量。与目前电动汽车使用的超级电容器相比,薄膜电容器单体工作电压高,不需要进行充放电均衡控制,具有结构简单、成本低、抗振性好、无极性等优点,因此有广阔的应用前景。薄膜电容器样机系统的性能试验和道路试验结果表明:薄膜电容器系统可以作用电动汽车快速吸收制动再生能量和大功率放电的辅助动力源使用,但需要进一步解决薄膜电容器系统的能量密度小、自放电能量损失较大的问题,方能真正进入实用化阶段。

At present, for the problems, which exit in electric vehicles, such as high initial cost,short mileage per charge and so on, the electric vehicle usually use capacitors as auxiliary source to balance loads and to absorb regeneration braking energy rapidly. Compare with the ultra - capacitors used in the electric vehicle, the film capacitors segment has high volts and no use for the balance of charging or discharging of segment. Therefore, it has advantages such as simple structure, low cost, best anti - vibration, no polarity and has broad applied foreground. The testing results of film capacitor indicate, that the large capacitance film capacitor can be used to absorb regeneration braking energy rapidly, and high power discharge. Nevertheless, the large capacitance film capacitor can come into practicality stage as long as the problems such as low energy density and high selfdischarging loss of film capacitor system are solved.