中医肺系病证研究进展

Research progress on pulmonary diseases of TCM

近年来肺系病证发病逐年升高,中医在肺系病证病名、分类、治疗、实验研究等方面均取得了进展。病名及分类方面的进展集中在咳嗽、哮喘和肺纤维化上。病因病机方面,时行感冒强调毒邪致病;咳嗽提倡夹杂致病;喘证新有五脏致喘之说;哮病拓展了伏邪的范围;肺胀分急性期、缓解期阐明各自病因病机;肺痹、肺痿深入探讨了虚实的来源、部位及转归;肺癌研究集中在正气虚损、邪毒内积的部位及性质;继续深入探讨呼吸衰竭的病位、病性、疾病转归及传化。感冒、咳嗽的辨治及治疗方法强调针对个体及时令的个性化治疗;喘证及肺间质纤维化主分虚实;哮病及肺胀分为缓解期及发作期进行辨证治疗治疗;肺癌治疗主张采用包括中医药疗法多学科综合治疗。在中药内服的基础上,运用如拔罐、贴敷等外治的综合疗法,治疗咳嗽、哮喘、肺胀、呼吸衰竭等肺系疾病均取得了一定疗效。对于肺系疾病的现代医学实验研究集中在自拟方剂、古方、中成药的应用研究上,在中医病因学方面的研究亦有进展。但在动物模型、证候学研究等方面仍有不足。

Recently,the incidences of pulmonary diseases are increasing year by year. TCM has improved a lot in pulmonary diseases on the following aspects： diseases denomination, classification, therapy, experiment researches, etc. The advancement of denomination and classification is mainly on cough, asthma and pulmonary fibrosis. Pathogenesis was improved in flu, cough, asthma, dyspnea, CPOD, pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. More researches have been done to discover how and why these diseases occur and the prognosis of these diseases. And the new discoveries will be beneficial for us to understand the course and disorder of them. The new approach to cure flu and cough emphasized in individual therapy for individual. Pulmonary fibrosis can be divided into two types of syndrome which should be treated oppositely. Asthma and COPD include two parts of period which need different therapy. Lung cancer needs a combined therapy besides TCM. It has reported that some external treatments such as acupuncture, ventouse, massage, etc. have curative effect in curing pulmonary diseases. The empirical studies of pulmonary diseases were centered in TCM prescription including ancient and modern, besides Chinese patent medicine. It is also get progress in researching on etiology of TCM. But it is still insufficient in animal models and syndromes.