城市森林对沈阳市春季鸟类的影响

Effects of urban forest on spring avian community structures in Shenyang

2008年3月至2008年5月,对沈阳市三处城市森林(辽大校园、中国科学院沈阳树木园、北陵公园)中鸟类的群落结构进行了调查,全部林地中共记录到25种鸟类,其中有留鸟12种,夏候鸟6种,冬候鸟3种,繁殖鸟5种,旅鸟3种。对三处样地鸟类居留型、群落相似性、物种多样性等进行了分析,探讨了植被结构、林地面积、人为干扰等栖息地因素对鸟类群落结构的影响。结果表明,植被丰富度、人为干扰、林地的面积等多种因素影响城市鸟类群落结构,城市森林的面积并不是决定城市鸟类群落结构的决定性因素。

From March to May, 2008, we surveyed avian community structures in 3 typical urban forest of Shenyang city （Campus of Liaoning University, Shenyang Arboretum, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Belling Park）. During the study, total 25 species of birds were recorded, which included 12 resident species, 6 aestival migratory species, 3 hiemal migratory species, 5 breeding species, and 3 passenger species. To study the effects of environmental factors, which were vegetation structure, forestland area, human interference, and so on, on avian community structures, the community similarity, sedentary strain, and species diversity were analyzed. The results show the avian community structures were affected vegetation abundance, forestland area, human interference, and so on. The area of urban forest was not crucial factor affecting avian community structures.