老年慢性心力衰竭患者自我护理行为的调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis on Self-care Behaviors in Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

目的了解老年慢性心力衰竭患者的自我护理状况及探讨干预对策。方法应用中文版欧洲心力衰竭自我护理量表,对87例老年慢性心力衰竭患者的自我护理行为进行评估调查。结果高达81.6%的患者对每日称体重持不同意态度;患者由于呼吸短促、脚肿、体重增加和疲劳增加而求医持肯定态度的百分比分别是56.3%、43.6%、22.9%和27.5%;同意低盐饮食的占65.5%;87.3%的患者遵医嘱服药;对每年接受流感疫苗注射持肯定态度的有37.9%;78.1%的患者对有规律运动持肯定态度。不同病程和心功能患者的量表得分有统计学差异;不同年龄和学历患者的量表得分无统计学差异。结论老年慢性心力衰竭患者自我护理能力普遍较低,需通过各种途径的干预提高患者的自我护理能力。

Objective To acknowledge the self-care behaviors in elderly patients with chronic heart failure and to explore the intervention countermeasures. Methods Eighty-seven elderly patients with chronic heart failure were investigated with the Chinese Version of European Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior Scale. Results Up to 81.6% of the patients disagreed on weighing themselves every day. The percentages of consulting doctors because of shortness of breath, swollen feet,increased weight and fatigue were 56.3%,43.6%,22.90% and 27.5%,respectively. 65.50/40 of patients agreed to eat a low salt diet. 83.7% of the patients took medication as prescribed. 37.9% of the patients agreed to get flu shot every year,and 77.2% of them agreed to have exercises regularly. The scores of patients with different history of the diseases and Classification of cardiac function were significantly different. Patients with different ages and qualifications had no significant differences. Conclusion The level of self-care behaviors in elderly patients with chronic heart failure remains low. We need to improve their self-care behaviors by all kinds of means.