绿色荧光蛋白的特性及其在药学研究中的应用

The Characteristics of Green Fluorescent Protein and its Application in Pharmaceutical Research

来自水母的绿色荧光蛋白(Green Fluorescent Protein,GFP)具有很多理想的特性。如GFP在细胞中表达,在蓝光或紫外照射下可以产生明亮的绿色荧光。GFP无需外源反应底物,无需进行细胞或组织的固定和渗透处理,使表达检测很方便。而且GFP对光漂白、氧化剂、还原剂、酸、碱以及其他对许多化学试剂具有极强的稳定性。GFP适合用作普遍的报告标记,尤其适合于活体细胞或组织,被喻为活分子探针,已被广泛应用于动物、植物、微生物等研究中。该文对其基础理论研究及其在药物筛选、药物治疗效果评价、细菌耐药性、肿瘤细胞多药耐药性中的应用作了综述。

The green fluorescent protein （GFP） from jellyfish Aequorea victoria has been shown to possess a munber of desirable traits. For example, GFP in cells can generate a bright green fluorescence when the cells are excited by blue or UV light. GFP can be detected conveniently without the need of exogenous substrates, cell fixation and permealization. Morever, GFP has more stabillity to photobleaching, oxidation, reduction, acid, alkali and many other chemical reagents. As a universal reporter especially in living cells and tissues, GFP has been hailed as the live molecular probe and widely used in animal study, plant study, microbe study and other researches. The basic research of GFP and its application in drug screening, drug treatment effectiveness evaluation, bacterial drug resistance, and tumor cell multidrug resistance were mainly reviewed in this paper.