延异、在场、踪迹化——德里达《马克思的幽灵》解读

Difference,Presence and Trace Leaving——Interpretation of Derrida's Marx's Spirit

德里达继承了马克思的批判的革命的辩证法,挖掘出后现代主义拆解话语中以及福山"历史终极论"和"马克思主义过时论"所掩盖的马克思的批判精神和解放精神。他以《哈姆雷特》的幽灵隐喻马克思的精神,把它视为不断散播其踪迹的幽灵,它延异着、解构着,留下踪迹又不断涂抹,从而是一种真实的在场。这是对回到马克思主义的一种呼唤,也是对马克思主义思想活力的肯定。

By inheriting Marx＇ s critical and revolutionary dialectics, Derrida excavated Marx＇ s spirit of critique and liberation, which had been disguised in the deconstructive words of post modernism as well as in Fushan＇ s ＂the ultimate theory of history＂ and ＂Marxism obsoletism＂. By taking the ghost described in ＂Hamlet＂ as a metaphor, Derrida regarded Marxism as the spirit disseminating unceasingly its trails. It is a kind of real presence in terms of his extending difference, deconstructing and wiping the trails that have been spread. This is a kind of summon for returning to Marxism, as well as an affirmation of Marxism＇ s vigor.