鸡有机磷中毒迟发性神经病的模型建立及病理研究

Establishment of animal model for experiment study on delayed neuropathy by organophosphates using hens

目的用鸡建立迟发性神经病的动物模型,观察其病理改变。方法分为甲胺磷造模组、磷酸三甲苯酯造模组和对照组,甲胺磷造模组经口给予甲胺磷10 mg/（kg.d）,连续给药14 d;磷酸三甲苯酯造模组经口给予磷酸三甲苯酯原油1 ml/（kg.d）,连续给药7 d;对照组给予生理盐水,观察中毒表现和病理学变化。结果甲胺磷造模组的动物,经口小剂量多次累计染毒至5倍LD50以上,60%可出现迟发性神经病的症状;磷酸三甲苯酯造模组的动物,染毒后7-10 d全部出现典型的迟发性神经病症状;两组有症状动物的脑、脊髓及坐骨神经均出现脱髓鞘等明显的神经损害。结论磷酸三甲苯酯比甲胺磷更易建立实验性鸡迟发性神经病的动物模型。

Objective To establish an experimental model of organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy （OPIDN） using hens. Methods Forty-four hens were randomly divided into three groups： methamidophos group, tricresyl phosphate （TCP） group and control group. Methamidophos [ 10mg/（ kg . d ） ] was administered by gavage for 14 days, TCP [ 1 ml/（ kg . d ） ] was administered by gavage for 7 days, control group only received equivalent volume of normal saline. Clinical manifestations and pathologic changes were observed as judgement of successful model. Results 60% of the hens in methamidophos group showed of OPIDN symptoms when methamidophos dose reached 5 times of the LD50; while all the hens in TCP group presented OPIDN symptoms at 7-10th day after administration; all the symptomatic hens in the both groups were observed the obvious nervous system pathological lesions such as demyelination ere in brain, spinal cord and sciatic nerve. Conclusion Tricresyl phosphate seems more suitable than that of methamidophos for establishing the hen model of OPIDN.