变革生产关系必须尊重劳动者的权利——周恩来与毛泽东比较研究

Changes in the Relations of Production must Respect the Rights of Labours——A Comparative Study of Zhou Enlai and Mao Zedong

生产力决定生产关系,生产关系必须适应生产力的发展。这是马克思主义创始人揭示的人类社会不断推进的一条基本规律。他们认为生产关系包括"所有制关系"和"分配方式"两个方面,并且对社会主义的生产关系作过原则性的构想。当科学社会主义从理论形态付诸实践的时候,由于不同国家的国情差异,生产关系的具体形式必然呈现复杂多样的格局。周恩来坚持从中国实际出发,创造性地提出生产关系包括所有制、分配和劳动关系三个要素的重要观点,同时在实践中进行了精心探索,至今仍有指导意义。

The productive forces determines the production relations, and relations of production must adapt to the development of productive forces. This basic law is revealed by the founders of Marxism. They think that the relations of production, including the two aspects of 'the relationship between ownership' and 'distribution means', and they also gave a principle idea about the socialist relations of production. When the theory of scientific socialism put into practice, due to the different situation in different countries, the specific form of relations of production is bound to a complex and diverse patterns. Zhou Enlai adhered to China's actual conditions, creatively put forward the relations of production, including the three important elements: ownership, distribution and labor relations, at the same time he explored carefully in practice, which still has a guiding significance.