中西部农村青少年生殖健康观念和行为研究

Rural Adolescents' Reproductive Health Related Attitudes and Behaviors in Middle-west China

目的了解我国中西部农村地区青少年生殖健康相关观念和行为,为有针对性的进行生殖健康干预提供依据。方法在山西、甘肃、青海和广西各选择1个县,每县选择2个乡的13～19岁在校生约200名,16～19岁校外青少年约100名,男、女各半,共1 230名接受自填式问卷调查。结果中西部农村约半数青少年明确反对婚前性行为,表示同意的比例低于25%。女青少年在观念上对婚前性行为的开放程度低于男青少年,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。中西部农村校内青少年"经常"有不利于自我保护行为的比例低于15%,校外青少年为0.7%～30.4%,男性高于女性,部分指标的差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。校外男青少年"经常"及"偶尔"去青少年保健门诊咨询的比例最高(31.4%),校内低年龄组女青少年最低(8.5%)。结论中西部农村青少年能认识到生殖健康问题的重要性。在进行生殖健康教育时,不仅要注重观念上的引导,还应针对不利的生殖健康行为给予指导。

Objective To understand adolescents＇ reproductive health related attitudes and behaviors in Chinese middle-west rural areas, and to provide evidence for the intervention. Methods A county was selected from Shanxi, Gansu, Qinghai and Guangxi, respectively, and 200 students from two valleys were chosen from each county. Finally, 1 230 students received the self-administered questionnaire survey. Results About half of them disapproved pre-marriage sexual behavior. The percentage of approval was lower than 25%. Girl＇s sexual permissiveness degree was lower than boy＇s significantly（ P 〈0.05 ）. The percentage of in-school adolescents who had behaviors going against self-protection was lower than 15%. For out-school adolescents, the percentage was 0.7% - 30.4%. Boy＇s was higher than girl＇s（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The percentage of consulting adolescent health clinic was highest （ 31.4% ） among out-school boys and lowest among in-school younger girls. Conclusion Adolescents in Chinese middle-west rural areas can recognize the importance of reproductive health. Guidance should be given to the students according to their attitudes and incorrect reproduction health practice.