菌根真菌对CO_2浓度升高和N沉降的响应

Response of Mycorrhizal Fungi to CO_2 Rising and N Deposition: A Review

气候变化是全球普遍关注的环境问题,尤其是工业革命以来,全球CO2浓度升高和N沉降的增加,不仅改变了植物的生长发育、生态系统中碳、N生物地化循环,而且影响着与植物共生的菌根真菌。对外生菌根真菌(Ectomycorrhizal fungi,ECMF)和丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)的群落结构、真菌的侵染率以及菌丝生物量等方面如何响应全球CO2浓度升高和N沉降的增加进行了综述,同时对当前存在的问题和未来的发展方向进行探讨。

The atmospheric CO2 concentration and nitrogen fall in acid rain have been increasing as results of waste gases giving off from industry, agriculture and traffic etc. since industrial revolution. Carbon dioxide is the main causation of greenhouse effect and nitrogen fall accelerates soil acidification. Climate change becomes the serious ecological problem recognized in global extent. Consequently, the plant growth and development as well as the geochemical circle of carbon and nitrogen in ecosystem have been changed, so do the community structure and physiological characteristics of symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi. This review focuses on two important and with more concern mycorrhizal types： Ectomycorrhizal fungi, ECMF and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, AMF, including research progress on community structure, fungi infectivity, mycelial biomass, etc. and their response to global CO2 enrichment and nitrogen accumulation. Besides, the present problems and the future developing direction of study in this field are discussed in the paper.