哈尔滨市城市土壤重金属生态风险评价

Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Elements in Urban Soil of Harbin

研究哈尔滨城市土壤中Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu和Zn含量与分布特征,采用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对土壤重金属污染环境质量和潜在生态风险进行评价。结果表明:哈尔滨城市土壤5种重金属含量与松辽平原土壤背景值相比有较大积累,污染源的空间差异性引起不同功能区土壤重金属含量不同。土壤表层5种重金属污染程度:工业区>交通区>郊区耕地区>植物园区,潜在生态风险系数在工业区和交通区为中度危害,在郊区耕地区和植物园区为低度危害。最后,对土壤重金属污染来源进行综合分析,提出相应的管理防治对策。

The content and distribution of heavy metal elements,cadmium,lead,chromium,copper,zinc,in urban soil of Harbin were studied to assess the heavy metals integrated pollution and potentially ecological hazards.The results showed that the content of heavy metals had high accumulation in Harbin urban soil by comparison to the background concentration of soil elements in Songnen plain.The different domains were polluted by the different metal elements because of source space variance.The heavy metals integrated pollution from high to low is industrial area〉 traffic area〉 suburbs farmland〉 botanical garden.The potentially ecological risk is medium in industrial area and traffic area but in suburbs farmland and botanical garden is light.At last,we analyzed the possible sources of heavy metal elements in soil and proposed related management to prevent and treat this situation.