基于GIS的流域土地利用地形分异性特征研究

Research on Topographic Characters of Land Use Spatial Distribution of Watershed Based on GIS

以GIS为平台，结合遥感数据成图与地貌因子叠加分析，对大理河流域土地利用在地形方面的分异性特征进行了研究。结果表明：该流域各地类空间分布的高程特征呈现峰值现象；耕地、林地与草地主要集中在25°左右；林地与草地受优势坡向与阴阳坡差异的影响，分布集中在东北、西南及其它阳坡坡向；各种土地利用的面积分布随起伏度的增大呈先增大后减少的趋势，20—40m是起伏度临界区间。此结论为进一步研究大理河流域土地利用结构调整和水土保持措施规划提供了科学依据与理论支持。

With GIS as the platform and in combination with RS data imagine and topographic factor over- lay analysis, this paper studies topographic characters of/and use in the Dali river watershed. The research findings indicate that the spatial distribution of elevation features in the different land types in the watershed appears to be the peak value phenomena. As to the slope degrees, the cultivated land, woodland and grassland mainly distribute over the slope of 25°or so. The woodland and grassland subject to the effect of superior slope direction and the difference between the north and south slopes concentrated spread over the northeast, southeast and other slopes facing the south. The distribution of land use area of different types appears to have the trend of becoming large first and then reducing to small with an in- crease in roiling degrees. Therefore, 20 -40 m can be the critical zone of roiling degrees. The conclusion can provide the scientific base and theoretical support for further study of the readjustment of land use structures and the implementation of water and soil conservation planning in the Dali river watershed.