饮用水源中水蚤的孳生与灭活实验研究

Studies on excessive propagation and oxidizing inactivation of cladocera in drinking water sources

近年来随着城市供水水源有机污染的加重和水体富营养化,水蚤等浮游动物的大量孳生,对饮用水安全造成了威胁.通过对西安地区饮用水源中水蚤的孳生现状的调查,确定出枝角类水蚤为本地区的优势种类.经过实验室驯化培养,研究了枝角类水蚤的生长习性和繁殖规律,利用液氯、过氧化氢、高锰酸钾、二氧化氯和臭氧等几种常用氧化剂对其进行了灭活试验,并考察了影响灭活效果的主要因素.结果表明:臭氧的灭活效果最好,投加1.2mg.L-1,接触30min即可达到100%灭活,臭氧灭活水蚤的过程符合一级动力学方程.不同氧化剂对水蚤的灭活机理各不相同.

As a result of the organic pollution and eutrophication of drinking water sources, planktons in water such as water fleas propagate excessively. The propagation situations of water fleas in Xi＇an area was investigated, and cladocera was identified as the predominant species. Through breeding in the lab, the growth habits and reproducing characteristics of cladocera were studied. Common oxidants such as liquid chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, chlorine dioxide and ozone were used to kill cladocera experimentally, and the main factors affecting the inactivation were also studied. The result showed that ozone was the most effective oxidant and 100% of Cladocera was killed with an ozone dose of 1.2 mg·L^-1 within 30min. The inactivation kinetics of ozone accorded with first order reaction. Every oxidant has its own killing mechanism with cladocera.