宁夏农牧民对草原封育禁牧政策的认知与响应

Farmers′ response to fenced grassland policy in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

采用问卷的方式调查了宁夏农牧民对封育禁牧政策的认知度,分析了封育禁牧政策对当地农牧民生产生活的影响。结果表明,有80%的农牧民对禁牧政策表现出拥护,封育后有77%的农牧民认为生态环境变好了,有39%的农牧民认为经济收入与禁牧封育前持平,38%的农牧民认为收入有所减少,有23%的农牧民认为经济收入增加了。由于畜牧业是农牧民收入的主要来源,61%的被调查人有偷牧或者经常偷牧的现象。有48%的调查户家畜饲养量与禁牧封育前比较是持平或增加的,有一半多的被调查者认为家畜数量减少了。随着家畜数量的减少,只有23%的调查者认为收入增加了,39%的认为持平,38%的认为减少了。有57%的农牧民仅掌握了1门养殖技术,40%人掌握了1-2门养殖技术。由此可见,要继续加强对人工草地的建设与饲草料加工器械的扶持力度。从整体上解决禁牧封育后发展畜牧业饲草料短缺的问题,确保畜牧业的稳定发展,促进以放牧为主的传统养殖方式的转变,从而巩固禁牧封育成果,促进草产业的快速健康发展。

Farmers＇ response to fenced grassland policy in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was surveyed by questionnaire. The results showed that 80% of farmers support Grazing Prohibition Policy; 77% of farmers think that ecological environment improved; 39% ,38% and 23% of farmers believe that their economic income does not change,decreased and increased respectively. And 48% of households keeping same number livestock while about 50% decreasing livestock number. 57% of farmers have learnt one kind breeding technology while 40% of farmers have learnt 1-2 kinds breeding technology. And some measures for improving famers＂ life quality are offered as well.