对于“宗教戏剧”概念的思考

On the Concept of "Religious Drama"

在如何对我国古代有着强烈宗教色彩的戏剧进行界定和命名这一问题上,目前学术界主要存在着三种意见:"仪式戏剧"、"祭祀戏剧"和"宗教戏剧"。无论是"仪式戏剧"还是"祭祀戏剧",在界定这类戏剧时都失之偏颇:强调了其宗教祭祀仪式功能而忽视了它们对于宗教义理和信仰的宣扬;强化了其宗教意义而在一定程度上抹杀了它们的艺术本质。而"宗教戏剧"概念,则避免这两方面的不足,既能正确地把握这类戏剧的艺术本质,又能全面地反映出它们所具有的宗教色彩。

On the demarcation of ancient Chinese dramas with predominant religious contents, three categorical denominations are prevalent： ＂ Ceremonial Drama＂, ＂Sacrificial Drama＂ and ＂Religious Drama＂. Whether ＂Ceremonial Drama＂ or ＂Sacrificial Drama＂, they are not properly demarcated, because they highlight drama＇ s sacrificial ceremonial functions at the expense of their advancement of religion and intensify the religious significance at the cost of their artistic nature. Whereas the last concept, i.e. ＂Religious Drama＂ , eschewing these two drawbacks, accurately captures their dramatic nature and fully reveales their religious disposition.