北京地铁1号线车站设施与客流关系分析

Relationship Analysis on Station Capacity and Passenger Flow:A Case of Beijing Subway Line 1

随着地铁客流不断增加,地铁车站相关设施也日益暴露出与之不相适应的各种问题.本文主要以北京地铁1号线为研究对象,选取典型车站与车站关键设施为主要研究对象,重点对客流实际通过能力及客流分布规律进行调研,通过现场调查等手段得到大量车站设施实际通行能力的一手数据,并与地铁设计规范相比较,发现在当前客流量下部分地铁车站设施存在运力不足等问题.在借鉴国内外学者研究成果的基础上,本文拟合归纳出北京地铁1号线站台集散区和上行楼梯处客流速度与密度理论关系曲线,回归得到相应数学模型.最后,文章针对这些问题给出了相应的建议,为提升地铁车站通行能力和服务水平提供决策参考.

As the passenger flow is increasing, subway station facilities have shown issues incompatible with such a growth. The article sets the research target on Beijing Subway Line 1, selects typical stations and key station facilities as main objectives, investigates the practical passenger passing capacity and passenger distribution rules, collects large amount of first-hand data of station facility＇ s passenger passing capacity by field study, then compares them with subway design protocols to identify the issue of insufficient capacity of some subway station facilities faced with the passenger flow of today. Based on the research results of domestic and foreign experts, the article uses fitting induction to draw the relation curve of speed and density of the passenger flow at the loading areas and upward stairs of Beijing Subway Line 1, and produces the suitable mathematic model by regression. Lastly, the article offers suggestions on these issues so as to enhance the passing capacity and service quality of the subway stations.