湖北省2004～2007年突发公共卫生事件流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological study on emergent public health hazards in Hubei province(2004-2007)

目的分析湖北省突发公共卫生事件流行病学特征,为预防与控制突发公共卫生事件提供科学依据。方法查询国家突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统上报数据,对湖北省2004～2007年突发公共卫生事件流行病学特征进行统计分析。结果湖北省2004年～2007年共报告突发公共卫生事件341起,发病13890例,死亡66例,报告事件数和发病人数以传染病事件最多,死亡人数以中毒事件最多,事件主要发生在山区、边远地区和水网地区,发生时间为4～6月和9～10月两个高峰,在校学生为高发人群。结论湖北省突发公共卫生事件呈逐年上升的趋势,传染病与中毒事件危害严重,乡中学和乡小学突发事件频发,应开展重点传染病的监测与预警,强化快速有效的中毒应急医疗救援,加强学校公共卫生管理,建立多部门合作的联防防控机制,加强应急处置能力建设。

Objective To prepare for public health emergency control and prevention by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of the public health emergency in Hubei province. Methods Statistical analysis of the data of public health emergency in Hubei province from the （China information System for public health emergency ） was performed from 2004 to 2007. Results There were 341 public health emergencies （ 13 890 cases, and 66 deaths ） in Hubei province from 2004 to 2007. Most of the emergency events and cases reported were infectious diseases, and most of the deaths reported were poisoning. The occurrence mostly took place in villages, remote areas and river-network areas. The two peaks of the incidence in a year were ： one from April to June, and the other from September to October. Students were the high-risk population. Conclusion The public health emergencies in Hubei were increasing from 2004 to 2007. Infectious diseases and poisoning affairs caused serious harm to people. Emergencies occurred frequently in the primary or middle schools in villages. The work of monitoring and warning of major infectious diseases in the schools should be carried out, and the rapid and effective emergency medical rescue for poisoning and the management of public health in school should be strengthened as well. The multi-department cooperation in the prevention and control of emergencies should be established to promote the capacity of managing emergencies in Hubei province.