团体咨询改善社区老年人抑郁情绪的效果观察

Observation of the Effects of Group Counseling on Improving the Depression among the Elderly

目的建立社区老年人抑郁情绪的团体咨询模式,观察团体咨询对社区老年人抑郁情绪的干预效果。方法在长沙市某社区招募老年人,采用老年人抑郁量表测量≥11分(总分30分)的标准筛查抑郁情绪。对具有抑郁情绪的老年人进行8次团体咨询。在咨询前、咨询后即时、3个月、6个月用老年人抑郁量表测量老年人抑郁情绪。统计学分析采用χ2检验及多个样本率间的两两比较(样本率的个数k=4,校正α′=0.007)。结果有26位老年人参加了完整的团体咨询活动。本组干预前的抑郁阳性率显著高于干预后即时、干预3个月后、干预6个月后的阳性率(P<0.007);干预后即时的抑郁阳性率与干预后3个月、干预后6个月间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论该团体咨询模式可有效改善老年人的抑郁情绪。

Objective To observe the effects of group counseling on depression of the elderly and thus establish the model of community-based group counseling. Methods Of the elderly enrolled from a community in Changsha city, those who scored 11 or above （with the total being 30） in the test using the Geriatric Depression Scale were selected as the study population. Eight group counselings were conducted for those with depression. And a measurement was made of their depression before the counseling, immediately after the counseling, and 3 and 6 months after it. Chi-square test and multiple caparison test were applied for statistic analysis （k=4,α＇=0.007）. Results Twenty-six elderly completed the series activity. The rate of pre-intervention depression was significant higher than post-intervention and 3 months and 6 months later （P〈0.007）. The differences in depression registered in the three post-interventions were not significant （P〉0.05）. Conclusion The model of group counseling established by the researcher can relieve the depression of the elderly.