自吸水性超强吸水剂的研究

Study of super absorbents with the ability of absorbing water from air

通过自吸水性化合物甘油与淀粉接枝丙烯酸或丙烯酰胺相结合,制备了两种可以从空气中吸收水分的自吸水性超强吸水剂,并对其吸水性能进行了研究。结果表明:树脂的合成条件对吸水率有很大影响,反应3h,温度70℃,引发剂浓度6×10-4mol/L,甘油的质量分数为40%时,制得的自吸水性超强吸水剂吸水能力最强;甘油-淀粉-丙烯酰胺体系的自吸水能力优于甘油-淀粉-丙烯酸体系的自吸水能力;泥土与超强吸水剂混合后可以自动从空气中吸收水分,与甘油-淀粉-丙烯酰胺混合的土壤,放置20d后其自吸水率可达14.8%。

Two kinds of super absorbents were prepared by the method of adding glycerol to amylum-acrylamide resin or amylum-acrylic resin, and the ability of absorbing water from air was studied. The results showed that the preparation conditions of resin had great effect on the ability of absorbing water. The highest value of water adsorbed from air was achieved at 70℃, for 3h, in 6 × 10^-4mol/L of initiating agent and with 40 mass percent of glycerol. The water absorption ability of glycerol-amyium-aerylamide was larger than that of glycerol-amylum-acrylic, acid Clay mixed with super absorbent could absorb water from air automatically, and the water absorption ability of clay mixed with glycerol-amylum-acrylamide could reach 14.8% after 20 days.