慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自我管理行为的分析

Self-management behaviors of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:a qualitative study

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的自我管理行为。方法采用方便抽样抽取中南大学湘雅三医院呼吸内科病房、门诊部、健康教育中心不同病情的18例COPD患者,运用深入访谈法收集资料,采用Miles和Huberman的内容分析法分析资料。结果患者有能力选择合适的疾病管理行为去预防症状及并发症的发生。经分析,萃取出5个主题:症状管理,活动与锻炼,环境控制,情感适应,维持健康的生活方式。结论COPD患者根据自己的经验和知识以及疾病和症状,会采取适当的疾病控制行为。研究结果揭示了文化因素对患者自我管理行为观点的影响,为开展COPD自我管理项目提供了依据。

Objective To explore the self-management behaviors of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. Methods The participants were a convenience sample of 18 patients with COPD of various severities. Interview data were collected in the thoracic ward,outpatient department and health education centre of Xiangya Third Hospital of Central South University. The participants were interviewed. Data were analyzed by Miles and Huberman＇s method. Results Participants showed the ability to choose suitable disease management behaviors to prevent symptoms and complications. Five themes of disease management behaviors were identifled：symptom management, activity and exercise implementation,environmental control,emotional adaptation and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Conclusions Participants are experts on their life and they can adopt appropriate disease control behaviors based on their experience and knowledge to deal with the disease. It revealed the cultural factors influenced self-management behaviors and it is valuable for developing an evidence-based programmer for patients with COPD to implement disease self-management.