美国联邦政府与联邦雇员关系的调适——公共部门人力资源管理方式的悄然变革

The Labor-Management Relations of the U. S. Federal Government——Silent Change of Personnel Management in Public Sector

长期以来,美国联邦政府雇员与管理层的关系并不和谐。从1962年开始,美国联邦政府开始转变传统的人事管理逻辑,用总统行政令的方式支持通过集体谈判制度调整劳管关系,使之成为人力资源管理的常用手段,并建立了新的法律关系和人事行政管理程序,形成联邦政府与雇员之间的伙伴关系。本文研究了美国联邦政府劳管关系近50年的发展过程,分析了各个阶段政策和法律的变化,探讨了美国联邦政府劳管关系发展的基本特点及趋势。

The Labor- Management Relations in the U.S. Federal Government has not been harmonious since long time ago. The U. S. Federal Government began to deal with this problem by deploying collective bargaining from 1962. Since then, The Labor - Management Relations in the U. S. Federal Government has experienced four stages ： the policy formulation stage ; legislation stage, Labor - Management partnership Stage and Policy transforming Stage. This paper analyzed the evolution of the policy and legislation, explained the features of collective bargaining system, and explored the tendency for the future.