异形截面碳纤维复合材料的吸波性能

Microwave absorbing properties of composites reinforced by irregular carbon fiber

为了研究异形截面碳纤维复合材料的吸波性能,采用SEM、XRD及XPS等测试技术,对异形截面聚丙烯腈基碳纤维(ICF)和T300碳纤维的表面形貌、组织结构及化学组成进行了研究。结果表明:ICF的截面形状成近似正三角形,截面异形度为13.16%;与树脂基体可以形成较强的界面作用;其力学性能与T300接近,可作为结构材料的增强体使用。分别采用四电极法、网络法和雷达散射截面(RCS)法研究了2种纤维增强的复合材料的电磁性能和吸波性能。结果表明:ICF的电阻率比T300大;在高频电磁波作用下,ICF复合材料的介电常数虚部(ε″)及损耗角正切(tanδ)均比T300复合材料大;其复合材料对频率在16 GHz左右的电磁波的反射率为-8 dB。通过研究,异形截面碳纤维复合材料同时具有承载和吸波的作用,将是一种有前途的结构吸波材料。

In order to study microwave absorbing properties of composites reinforced by irregular carbon fiber, the surface topography, microstructure and chemical composition of irregular carbon fiber （ICF） and T300 were investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. The results indicate that the cross-section of the irregular carbon fiber is approximately regular triangle, the degree of profile is 13.16 %, and the interaction with resin matrix is strong. The mechanical property of ICF is comparative to that of T300, and ICF can be used as structural materials. The electromagnetic property and microwave absorbing property of the composites reinforced by ICF and T300 were also analyzed by four -probe measurement, mesh method and radar cross section （RCS）. The results show that the resistivity of the composites reinforced by ICF is larger than that of composites reinforced by T300. For high frequency electromagnetic wave, both the imaginary part of permittivity （ε＂） and loss tangent （tanδ） of the composites reinforced by ICF are higher than those of composites reinforced by T300. For electromagnetic wave with frequency about 16 GHz, the reflectivity of the composites reinforced by ICF is -8 dB. According to the test results, the composites reinforced by ICF have both the function of load bearing and the electromagnetic energy absorbing capability, and the composites as radar absorbing structure （RAS） will become a promising material.