重要麦类作物表达序列标签(EST)计划研究进展

Research Progress in Expressed Sequence Tag Projects of Triticeae Crops

EST是指作为基因表达标签的一段长度150～500bp的cDNA序列。EST计划旨通过大规模对随机挑取的cDNA克隆测序,获得、研究大批EST,进而研究生物体生长发育、繁殖分化、遗传变异、衰老死亡等系列生命过程。本文综述了重要麦类作物EST计划的研究进展,包括发展EST分子标记、构建遗传学图谱、分离与鉴定新基因、比较基因组学以及基因表达研究等,并对EST计划在麦类作物研究中存在的问题及应用前景进行了分析。

EST, as an expressed sequence tag, represents a cDNA sequence of a gene expressed in a specific tissue and a specific stage. Plant EST project is an important part of the genomics project, in which a huge amount of the species＇ ESTs are to be obtained,which will then be used to reveal biological mechanisms of the species＇ life activities at the transcript level. This paper reviews research progress in EST projects of Triticeae crops, mainly, including the ESTs number in GenBank database deposited, and their applications to developing molecular markers, enriching genetic or physical maps, comparing genomics, and identifying new genes and expressed genes. In addition, the unsolved problems and application prospects of ESTs projects of Triticeae crops are analyzed.