滇池流域气候特征研究

Research of Climate Characteristics over Dianchi Lake Basin

采用滇池流域5个站点的气象资料对滇池流域气候特征进行统计分析。滇池流域冬季最低温度不低于7℃,夏季最高温度不超过20℃,冬夏温差较小,适于居住。滇池流域内,滇池沿岸的站点冬夏温差相对远离流域的其它站点要小。近40多a来,滇池流域冬、夏及年气温呈现年际振荡的变化分布,滇池流域气温呈现出明显的上升趋势,且冬季增温最为明显。滇池流域的风向全年均以西南风为主,夏季滇池流域南、北部还受南风的影响,其西部受东风的影响,而东、东北部分别受东南、东北风的影响。滇池流域雨季主要从5月开始,夏季和年降水量较大的昆明、嵩明站均位于滇池流域主要风向—西南风的下风方向。

Statistical analysis method is used to studied climate characteristics over Dianchi lake basin by meteorological factors from five weather stations. Minimum temperature, of Dianchi lake basin is more than 7 degree in winter, and the maximum temperature is less than 20 degree in summer with little temperature difference between the summer and the winter. Temperature of Dianehi lake basin presents annual variation during the past 40 years, especially, the temperature appears upward trend mostly in winter. Southwest wind dominates the region for most of the year. In summer, south wind flows over the south of the basin, and southeast and northeast wind flow over the east and northeast basin. The rain season begins in May. Kunming and Songrning with large rainfall are located in the downwind of the basin.