论能带结果宾语的动结式中的结果补语

On the Resultant Complement Used with Resultant Object in the Verb-resultativeConstruction

本文主要探讨能带结果宾语的动结式中的结果补语,根据意义可以把结果补语分为三类:状态补语、评价补语和完成补语,并分析了"出"作结果补语的所占比例大于"成"的原因:"出来"表示动作完成,兼有使一种新的事物产生和从无到有的意思;而"成"可表"成功、完成、实现"或"成为、变为"义,所以它不仅能带结果宾语,还可带受事、施事等类型的宾语,这就决定了用"成"字难分辨结果宾语与非结果宾语。最后阐述了结果补语的作用:不仅表示动作本身的结果,还能指向宾语;有的是宾语发出的动作,有的是宾语所呈现的状态;有的补语不但表示宾语的动作和结果,而且还带有强调结果已经达到的程度。

This paper mainly examines the resultant complement used with resultant object in the verb-resultative construction. According to the meaning, the resultant complement can be divided into three categories, i.e. stative complement, evaluative complement and accomplishment complement. Also, this paper analyses the reason why the term ＂Chu＂ is used more often as the resultant complement than the term ＂Cheng＂, i.e. the phrase ＂Chu Lai＂ indicates the completion of a certain act, which means the generation of a new phenomenon and its emergence from nonexistence while the word ＂Cheng＂ means ＂success, accomplishment and realization＂ or ＂become, change into＂. Therefore, the word ＂Cheng＂ can not only be used with the resultant object, but also with the patient object, the agent object, etc. and this determines that the usage of the term ＂Cheng＂ hardly differentiates the resultant object from the non-resultant object. And last, the author expatiates the functions of the resultant complement, i.e. it indicates the result of the very act as well as the object; the act can be performed by the object or it can also be the state of the object; some complements not only signify the action and result of the object, but also emphasize the extent to which the result achieves.