马来西亚柔佛古庙游神的演化及其与华人社会整合的关系

The Evolution of the Deities Parade of Johor Ancient Chinese Temple of Malaysia and Its Relation to the Integration of Chinese Community

马来西亚第二大都市新山,昔时有"小汕头"之称,市内有间百余年历史的柔佛古庙。柔佛古庙游神活动不仅是新山华人社会每年一度的盛事,在社区整合与强化社区秩序的功能上,有其本土的特殊演化。柔佛古庙游神并不只是限于潮帮人士的参与,而是强调"五帮共庆"。柔佛古庙游神脱胎于潮州,根植于马来西亚新山,是跨帮群、超方言群社会整合的本土化游神民俗活动。游神的传统延续及其当代复兴,实际上经过了一个动态的演化,其间也反映了海外华人社会内部秩序整合的历程,华团与帮群间制度化的建构,以及知识精英的打造,有其特殊的历史背景和文化情境。

This is a case study on the annual Deities Parade of Johor Ancient Chinese Temple which aims at examining the development of this folk custom and its inherent relation to the social integration of Chinese community. The continuity and recent revival of this activity are actually a dynamic process which has taken place within a special historical background and cultural context. This process has reflected the course of the adjustment of Chinese community＇s internal order, the results of Chinese associations＇ institutional construction, and the efforts of intellectual elite to create cultural symbols.