火源位置对房间-走廊式结构下烟气危害性影响的实验研究

An experimental study on the effect of fire location on the smoke hazard in a typical building structure apparatus

利用小尺寸典型建筑结构实验台选取了两种不同大小的油盘和三个典型的火源位置进行实验,同步获取浓度、温度、质量数据,对准稳态时段内的数据进行分析;以整个火源房间为控制体,以有害组分CO的积分平均浓度及生成率为研究对象,研究了不同火源位置影响下开口的气体质量流率与中性面高度之间的关系,以及火源热释放速率或中性面的高度对CO的浓度及生成率的影响。结果表明,无论火源处于近门角落还是远角,CO积分平均浓度及生成率的数据表明其烟气层的危险性均明显高于火源处于中心时的值。

A series of tests were conducted in a reduced scale typical building structure apparatus , which comprises a hallway and a side-on compartment. Oil pans of two different sizes were utilized and located at one of three typical positions （near comer, center and remote corner） in the compartment for each test. The concentration, temperature and mass data were collected synchronously and data from the quasi - steady state periods were processed. In this study, the whole compartment was taken as a control volume and parameters as neutral plane height, integrated average concentration of carbon monoxide and CO yields were used to show the smoke hazard. The relationships as smoke flow rate versus neutral plane height or heat release rate or neutral plane height versus CO integrated average concentration or yields were studied. Results showed that the smoke flow rate was correlated with the burner area, however, no correla- tion was found between smoke outflow rate and fire location. Data of CO integrated average mole fraction and CO yields indicated that the smoke hazard of comer-located fires, no matter the fire located at the near comer or the remote comer , was distinctly higher than the center-located fires.