软土地基沉降机理与计算方法分析

Analysis of Principle and Calculation Method on Ground Settlement of Soft Clay Foundations

自１９２３年Ｔｅｒｚａｇｈｉ固结理论问世以来，对软土地基沉降机理和计算方法的分析层出不穷，从简单的半经验公式和图表法到计算机技术推进的数值分析，不一而足．回顾这些方法的发展，评述它们的优缺点、适用条件和指标选取对实际问题的解决有重要意义．每一种计算方法都有其实效性和可操作性，其实施的关键是对软土性状描述的正确性，未来计算方法应向表述简单，使用方便，同时含瞬时、主固结和欠固结三种沉降量计算的方向努力．

Since Terzaghis consolidation theory was published, the principle and calculation methods for analyzing ground settlement of soft clay foundations appear frequently, from simple semi empirical formula and graphical methods to numerical analysis advanced by computer technology. It is of significance for the solution to the practical problems to review their development, evaluate respective advantage and defect, suitable situation and index selection. The author considers that every method has its actual effect and serviceability, so the key to it is the accuracy describing the characteristic of soft soil. In the future, the calculation method should trend to represent simply and apply conveniently, and take into account the instantaneousness, primary consolidation and secondary consolidation.