个性化护理干预对改善初产妇产后性问题的效果研究

Study on effect of individualized nursing intervention on improvement of the primiparas＂ sexual problems after delivery

目的了解初产妇产后性问题，探讨实施个性化护理干预对改善初产妇产后性问题的效果，为加强产后性健康教育提供理论依据。方法选择248例在妇产科医院分娩的初产妇，按完全随机区组方法分为干预组和对照组各124例，采用自行设计的调查表调查2组产妇孕前1年的性生活问题。对干预组在出院前除了进行常规的出院宣教外，同时发放性健康手册并根据其自身特点采取一对一的个性化护理干预来指导其产后的性生活；对照组则仅仅进行常规的出院宣教。2组产妇均在产后4-6个月接受性生活问题的随访调查，并对结果进行r检验。结果2组产妇在孕前1年的性生活问题比较差异无显著性，而在产后4—6个月随访调查时，干预组的性生活问题显著少于对照组。结论为改善妇女产后的性问题，有必要加强性健康教育，个性化的护理干预既满足了不同层次的妇女对产后性健康的需求，也极大地保证了妇女的隐私和安全性。

Objective To study the primiparas＂ sexual problems after delivery and the effect of individualized nursing interventions on improvement of these problems in order to provide theoretic basement for sexual health education after delivery. Methods 248 primiparas after delivery in women＇s hospital were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group with 124 cases in each group. All of them received self-designed questionnaires about sexual problems one year before pregnancy. The primiparas in two groups all receives routine care. Besides, the intervention group was given sexual health manual and received one-to-one individualized nursing intervention on sexual life after delivery according to their own conditions. The two groups were all received countercheck during 4 to 6 months after delivery and the results underwent X^2 test. Results There was no significant difference between the sexual problems one year before pregnancy for the two groups. But when calling back during 4 to 6 months after delivery, compared with the control group, the intervention group had less sexual problems. Conclusions It is necessary to strengthen sexual health education in order to improve the sexual problems after delivery. Individualized nursing interventions can not only fulfill the sexual health demands of different primiparas after delivery, but also guarantee the women＇s privacy and safety.