金属离子和食品添加剂对蓝莓花色苷稳定性的影响

Effects of Metal Ions and Food Additives on Stability of Anthocyanins from Blueberry

研究了金属离子和食品添加剂对蓝莓花色苷稳定性的影响。结果表明,Ca2+、Cu2+、Al3+具有增色作用,对花色苷的稳定性无显著影响;高浓度Zn2+、Mn2+具有增色作用,而且能够增强花色苷的稳定性;Fe2+、Fe3+、Pb2+对花色苷具有破坏作用,使花色苷的稳定性下降,含Fe3+、Pb2+的花色苷溶液中有沉淀生成。苯钾酸钠对蓝莓花色苷稳定性良好。抗坏血酸和过氧化氢使花色苷的稳定性下降。蔗糖对蓝莓花色苷的稳定性无不良影响,高浓度的蔗糖对其有不同程度的护色效果。

Anthocyanins were extracted from blueberry at 40 ℃ using ethanol acidified with citric acid at a solvent to solid ratio of 15：1 （ml：g）. Effects of metal ions and food additives on the stability of the anthocyanins from blueberry were investigated. Results indicated that Ca^2＋, Cu^2＋ and Al^3＋ show significant color-enhancing effects while no effects on the stability of anthocyanins. Zn^2＋ and Mn^2＋ at high concentrations have color-enhancing effects and can increase the stability of blueberry anthocyanins. Fe^2＋, Fe^3＋ and Pb^2＋ can cause the destruction of the blueberry anthocyanins. There is clear precipitate in blueberry anthocyanins solution containing either of Fe^3＋ and Pb^2＋. However, sodium benzoate shows positive effects on the stability of blueberry anthocyanins while H2O2 and ascorbic acid can decrease the stability and result in its more rapid discoloration. Sucrose has no harmful effects to the stability of blueberry anthocyanins but presents certain color-protective effect at higher concentrations.