NECK LEAF 1, a GATA type transcription factor, modulates organogenesis by regulating the expression of multiple regulatory genes during reproductive development in rice

在 monocot 米饭种类 Oryza sativa L. ，最惹人注目的词法过程之一在繁殖开发期间是有上面的 internodes (合众国际社) 的顺序的延伸的圆锥花序开发的同时发生。阐明内在的分子的机制，我们克隆米饭基因颈叶 1 (NL1 ) ，什么时候变异，它在 flowering 时间，有簇叶丛生的苞的更小的圆锥花序和反常合众国际社延伸模式导致延期。NL1 基因与一个单个锌手指领域，和它的抄本编码一个 GATA 类型抄写因素在苞 primordia 主要被检测，它通常在野类型的植物堕落。在转基因的植物的 NL1 的 Overexpression 经常产生严重生长延迟，不太植物的 phytomers 和更小的叶子，建议 NL1 起在器官区别的一个重要作用。PLASTOCHRON1 (PLA1 ) 的新奇变异的等位基因，知道在调整叶开始起一个关键作用的基因，在这研究被识别。基因分析表明了在 nl1 和 pla1 之间的一个相互作用，与 PLA1 在上游的代理的 NL1。表示水平和 PLA1 的空间模式被发现在 nl1 被改变变异。而且， flowering， Hd3a 和 OsMADS1 的二个管理者的表示，也在 nl1 异种被影响。根据这些调查结果，我们建议 NL1 是通过在米饭在繁殖开发期间调整 PLA1 和另外的规章的基因的表示调制并且协调 organogenesis 的一个内在的因素。

In the monocot rice species Oryza sativa L., one of the most striking morphological processes during reproductive development is the concurrence of panicle development with the sequential elongation of upper internodes （UPIs）. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, we cloned the rice gene NECK LEAF 1 （NL1）, which when mutated results in delays in flowering time, smaller panicles with overgrown bracts and abnormal UPI elongation patterns. The NL1 gene encodes a GATA-type transcription factor with a single zinc finger domain, and its transcripts are de- tected predominantly in the bract primordia, which normally degenerate in the wild-type plants. Overexpression of NL1 in transgenic plants often gives rise to severe growth retardation, less vegetative phytomers and smaller leaves, suggesting that NL1 plays an important role in organ differentiation. A novel mutant allele of PLASTOCHRON1 （PLAD, a gene known to play a key role in regulating leaf initiation, was identified in this study. Genetic analysis demonstrated an interaction between nil and plal, with NL1 acting upstream of PLA1. The expression level and spatial pattern of PLA1 were found to be altered in the nil mutant. Furthermore, the expression of two regulators of flowering, Hd3a and OsMADS1, was also affected in the nil mutant. On the basis of these findings, we propose that NL1 is an intrinsic factor that modulates and coordinates organogenesis through regulating the expression of PLA1 and other regulatory genes during reproductive development in rice.