成像光谱仪同心光学系统的研究

Research of concentric optical systems of imaging spectrometers

介绍了Offner凸面光栅成像光谱仪和Dyson凹面光栅成像光谱仪两种常用的同心光学系统。Offner凸面光栅成像光谱仪采用全反射的形式,使用光谱范围很宽,加工、装调较为简单,受外界环境影响较小;Dyson凹面光栅成像光谱仪在体积和尺寸上的优势较为明显,易于实现整体结构的小型化。给出了这两种成像光谱仪的具体设计实例,两种光学系统的成像质量均能达到较为理想的结果,其结构畸变均<0.005%,在使用光谱范围内,光谱分辨率均能到达3nm,具有高质量的光学传递函数。最后,给出了配合成像光谱仪使用的多种前置光学系统的结构形式,并讨论了消除系统杂散光的方法及消除光谱级次重叠的方法。

Two types of concentric optical systems used in imaging spectrometers, Offner convex grating imaging spectrometers and Dyson concave grating imaging spectrometers, are introduced. The Offner convex grating imaging spectrometers are characterized by their broadly spectrum band, small influence from environments and easy to be fabricated and assembled, and the Dyson concave grating imaging spectrometers have advanta- ges in their small volumes and easy to realize the compact systems. The design examples of the above types are given, and the results show that both the imaging spectrometers can offer high quality optical modulation trans- fer functions and can reach the perfect results in distortion less than 0. 005% and spectrum resolution less than 3 nm. Moreover, several kind of fore-optics systems matched with the imaging spectrometers are given and the methods to eliminate the stray light and to restrain the spectrum overlaps in the optical systems are discussed.