Toll样受体与抗真菌免疫

Toil-like receptors and antifungal immunity

Toll样受体（TLR）是固有免疫系统中特异的I型跨膜蛋白，能广泛识别细菌、真菌及病毒等表面保守的病原相关分子模式（PAMP），传导炎症信号，介导多种生物学效应，是联系固有免疫和适应性免疫的桥梁。已证实TLR能够通过识别真菌表面某些PAMP，激活巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞的吞噬作用并释放各种炎性细胞因子，从而起到抗真菌作用。对TLR进一步深入研究将有可能为真菌感染性疾病的免疫治疗提供新的思路。

Toll-like receptors （TLRs） are specific type I transmembrane receptors in the innat immune system which enable host to recognize a wide spectrum of pathogen-associated molecular, patterns on the cell surface of bacteria,fungi and viruses, trigger the intracellular signaling transduction and induce a series of biological effects, Therefore TLRs play roles in the initiation of innate immunity and the induction of adaptive immune response. Recently,more and more evidences have suggested that TLRs are involved in the recognition of fungal PAMPs and the activation of macrophage and neutrophil cells. They can induce the release of inflammatory cytokines and regulat immunological defence. Further studies on the relationship between TLRs and funsal diseases will undoubtedlv offer novel therapeutic strategies for fungal infections.