山西省临汾地区退耕还林地野兔危害现状调查及防治对策

The Investigation and Countermeasures of Hares's Harm to Farmland Returning to Forest in Linfen,Shanxi Province

调查了山西省临汾地区退耕还林地野兔的危害状况,详细介绍了退耕还林地野兔危害的调查方法,掌握了该地区野兔种类、危害特点、主要危害树种及野兔种群密度,调查结果表明:林地兔害品种主要是草兔(Lepuscapensis);受害严重的树种有刺槐、侧柏、油松、山桃、山杏、桑树、白榆、沙棘;对臭椿、刺槐、苹果、梨、花椒的幼树危害较中等,对小叶杨、旱柳、杜梨、紫穗槐、枣树的危害相对较轻。不同地块危害程度不同,个别地块被害株率高达100%,危害最轻的也达13.31%。为山西省兔害的防止工作提供了可靠的依据,并提出了相应的防治对策,为山西省制定"野生动物危害补偿"的相关政策提供科学的依据。

This article investigated the damage status of hares to farmland returning to forest in Linfen,Shanxi Province.It introduced the investigation methods in detail and grasped local hares species,their harm characteristic,and the main injured tree variety as well as the hares＇ population density.The survey result indicated that local hare species mainly was the lepuseuropaeus（Lepuscapensis）, the most seriously injured tree variety were Robiniapseudoacacia, orientalarborvitae, Chinesepine, Prunusdavidiana, Prunusarmeniaca, Morus,Ulmuspumila and Hippophae, the relatively light injured tree variety were Ailanthusaltissima, Robiniapseudoacacia, apple,pear and pepper, the lightest injured relatively tree variety were Simonii, Salix,Bunge,falseindigo,jujube,the harm degree was different in different land parcel,the individual hazard rate reached 100%,the lightest hazard rate also was 13.31%. All this results provide the reliable basis to rabbit preventing work in our province,and proposed the corresponding prevention countermeasure,which could provide scientific basis for related policy about ＂the wild animal harm compensation＂in our province.